T1557.001sub-technique of T1557 Adversary-in-the-Middle

Name Resolution Poisoning and SMB Relay

Windowsnothing on this site yetT1557.001 on attack.mitre.org

By responding to LLMNR/NBT-NS/mDNS network traffic, adversaries may spoof an authoritative source for name resolution to force communication with an adversary controlled system. This activity may be used to collect or relay authentication materials. Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) and NetBIOS Name Service (NBT-NS) are Microsoft Windows components that serve as alternate methods of host identification.

MITRE ATT&CK 19.2, retrieved 2026-09-12

If this is happening now

2

Checklists and playbooks to open while the alert is still live.

Playbook for this stage

Cloud account compromise

Impossible travel, an unrecognised inbox rule, or a reported invoice-fraud attempt.

how MITRE says to see it

Detect LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay on Windows

  • Detects anomalous network traffic on UDP 5355 (LLMNR) and UDP 137 (NBT-NS) combined with unauthorized SMB relay attempts, registry modifications re-enabling multicast name resolution, or suspicious service creation indicative of adversary-in-the-middle credential interception.

what reduces it

  • M1031 Network Intrusion Prevention. Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that can identify traffic patterns indicative of AiTM activity can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.
  • M1037 Filter Network Traffic. Use host-based security software to block LLMNR/NetBIOS/mDNS traffic. Enabling SMB Signing can stop NTLMv2 relay attacks.
  • M1030 Network Segmentation. Network segmentation can be used to isolate infrastructure components that do not require broad network access. This may mitigate, or at least alleviate, the scope of AiTM activity.
  • M1042 Disable or Remove Feature or Program. Disable LLMNR, mDNS, and NetBIOS in local computer security settings or by group policy if they are not needed within an environment.

the rest of T1557

The description, detection analytics and mitigations are reproduced from MITRE ATT&CK, version 19.2, under its terms of use. The checklists, hunts, labs and everything else linked here are this site’s.